Inlaying laser-synthesized metastable bismuth nanocrystals on reduced graphene oxide by chemical bonding for robust lithium storage

During the experimental process, graphene oxide was used as a support material, and metastable bismuth nanocrystals were prepared through laser irradiation. Subsequently, the Bi@rGO composite was obtained by slow dripping and continuous stirring.

The structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties of the material were characterized using instruments such as a laser source, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X‑ray diffractometer (XRD), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), and an electrochemical workstation.The dataset mainly comprises morphological images of the material (e.g., SEM and TEM micrographs), crystal structure information (XRD patterns), loading amount of Bi nanocrystals (TGA data), and electrochemical performance test results (such as charge/discharge profiles, long‑term cycling curves, and cyclic voltammetry curves).