Age models of sixteen Black Sea cores between 68.9 and 14.5 ka

Age models of M72/5 cores were constrained by 16 accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dating in core M72/5-24GC3 (Nowaczyk et al., 2012), and by identifications of the Campanian Ignimbrite tephra at 39.3 ± 0.11 ka ('Y5', e.g., De Vivo et al., 2001) and the Cape Riva tephra at 21.8 ± 0.4 ka ('Y2' e.g., Fabbro et al., 2013) in Black Sea sediments reported by Cullen et al. (2014) and Nowaczyk et al. (2012). The cores' age models were further refined by tuning sedimentologic parameters, e.g., ice rafted debris (IRD) counts and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) logs (mainly Ca/Ti and K/Ti ratios) presented by Nowaczyk et al. (2012), to the oxygen isotope (δ18O) record from Greenland ice cores (NGRIP) based on the GICC05 age model ( Svensson et al., 2008).

For MSM33 cores, age models were also achieved by correlating their XRF elementary ratios (mainly Ca/Ti and K/Ti), as proxies for the 'Dansgaard-Oeschger' (D-O) warming events (Dansgaard et al., 1993), to the NGRIP δ18O record. Four intervals of K/Ti ratio peaks and low S-ratios identified in M72/5 and MSM33 cores (Liu et al., 2018) were correlated to the reddish layers related to meltwater events during the decay of the Fennoscandian ice sheet, with AMS 14C ages from about 17 to 15 ka, described from the western Black Sea (Bahr et al. 2006; Soulet et al., 2013).