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Data · dataset · 2026

Mechanistic studies and high throughput kinetic experimentation in homogeneous catalysis

Listed in ZivaHub and Deakin Research Online and DMU Figshare — shown once because both records carry DOI 10.17034/32639007.v1

This thesis presents original work in the field of Physical Organic Chemistry.

Description

The use of kinetic profiling as a mechanistic probe is central to the body of work undertaken, with established kinetic analysis protocols employed and innovative kinetic profiling techniques explored.<br><br>Chapter two is concerned with the mechanism of palladium catalysed carbene insertion cross-coupling reactions. These transformations represent a versatile, and rapidly evolving, synthetic strategy; yet the mechanism underpinning such reactions is only vaguely captured.

Adhering to a kinetics first approach, Variable Time Normalization Analysis was used to determine the empirical rate equation in the preparation of stereodefined (E)-1,1,2-diarylacrylates. Suggesting the existence of a single turnover-determining intermediate and inhibition of the catalytic cycle by the phosphine ligand, operando NMR spectroscopy was employed and verified the existence of three off-cycle palladium-phosphine turnover-determining intermediates, two of which were further supported by HRMS analysis, along with various parasitic phosphine-containing by-products.

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These empirical insights guided the development of a theoretical catalytic cycle which identified a unique mechanism of stereoselectivity, where pendant migrating groups are responsible for high levels of counter-intuitive product formation originating from the migratory insertion step.<br><br>Chapter three realizes Simulated Progress Kinetic Analysis as a viable method of kinetic profiling, negating intrinsic reaction time as a barrier to efficient workflows in kinetic experimentation.

Differential rate data was obtained directly using this technique in tandem with an automated flow chemistry platform, where liquid-liquid segmented flow was paramount to the success of this technology. Insights comparable to those established in the literature regarding the organocatalytic aldol reaction were replicated under non-steady-state conditions, where catalyst deactivation remained operative, and successful findings at multiple levels of experimental data density were achieved.

A first-of-its-kind, quasi high throughput, kinetic experimentation campaign explored chemical space in the transformation, with all findings being consistent with the accepted mechanistic model for familial reactions, and experimentation completed in a fraction of the time, material, and labour that would be typically demanded for such endeavors. Whilst promising, the limitations of this technique were considered, with many of them attributed to current hardware limitations in chemical robotics and process analytical technologies.

Collectively, this platform serves as a promethean approach to truly high throughput kinetic experimentation and is capable of accessing an unprecedented degree of experimentation.

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Provenance · 3 source records, 11 field assertions
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ZivaHuboai:figshare.com:article/326390076 d agoJSON v1
Deakin Research Onlineoai:figshare.com:article/326390076 d agoJSON v1
DMU Figshareoai:figshare.com:article/326390076 d agoJSON v1
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