<p>Distribution, SCR and parasite density across <i>Pfsa</i> genotypes of parasites infecting individuals with different HBB genotypes.</p>

<p><b>(A)</b> Numbers of samples with different parasite <i>Pfsa</i> genotypes across HBB genotypes. <b>(B)</b> Numbers of combinations of <i>Pfsa1, Pfsa3</i> and <i>hyp2</i> parasite genotypes in HbAS. <b>(C)</b> SCRs determined by <i>ev</i>SCA and parasite <i>Pfsa</i> genotype in HbAS. <b>(D)</b> Initial parasitemia at 0 hpc in samples used for <i>ev</i>SCA by parasite <i>Pfsa</i> genotype in HbAS. Statistical tests: Wilcoxon rank-sum test.

Given small sample sizes per group (<i>n</i> ≤ 3), the minimum achievable two-sided <i>p</i>-value (<i>n</i> = 3 <i>vs n</i> = 3, complete separation) is 0.1; <i>p</i>-values are reported for completeness but cannot reach conventional significance thresholds at this sample size. Low quality calls occurred at <i>hyp2, REX2, PTP7, Pfsa3</i>. Abbreviations: Hb, hemoglobin; HBB, human hemoglobin beta; <i>ev</i>SCAs, <i>ex vivo</i> sexual conversion assays; SCR, sexual conversion rate; + , positive (<i>P. falciparum</i> sickle-associated [Pfsa+] genotypes; -, negative (wildtype, not equal to reference for <i>Pfsa4</i>, <i>CLAG3.1</i>, <i>FIKK3</i>, and <i>PTP7</i>); + /-, mixed = two different alleles present; na, missing calls due to missing sequencing coverage.</p>