eFEDS-DOG catalog

Our results reveal the discovery of 5738 IR-bright DOGs in the footprint covered by both of the eFEDS and VIKING surveys (60deg^2^), with 65 objects identified as X-ray-detected DOGs (eFEDS-DOGs). Among them, 41 eFEDS-DOGs show a power-law slope in the near to mid-IR bands (power-law DOGs), indicating dust-obscured AGN. The hydrogen column density (NH) suggests that eFEDS-DOGs cover even unobscured AGN, spanning 10^20^<NH/cm^-2^<~10^23^.

On the other hand, the majority of IR-bright DOGs are not detected by eROSITA, suggesting that most IR-bright DOGs are heavily obscured by dust and gas with NH/cm^-2^>10^23^. Therefore, eFEDS-DOGs, discovered thanks to the wide-area survey by eROSITA, are newly found populations showing less obscured phases among the lifetime of DOGs. This feature possibly traces the onset of the decrease of the dust and gas obscuration phase of AGN in DOGs; possibly caused by gas stripping/outflows in the AGN feedback phase.

Additionally, some eFEDS-DOGs exhibit deviations, down to nearly 1.0dex below the monochromatic luminosity at 6um (L6um ) versus absorption-corrected intrinsic X-ray luminosity between 0.5-2keV (L^(abs,corr)^_0.5-2keV_) relation, suggesting that it may signal high Eddington ratios reaching the Eddington limit. Such a deviation could be realized only when the accretion disk is in a phase of high Eddington ratios, possibly reaching Eddington limit.

This suggests that eFEDS-DOGs are prominent candidates for very rapidly growing black holes reaching close to over the Eddington accretion rate and just beginning the onset of intensive AGN feedback.