Supplementary file 1_Spatial distribution and driving factors of scalding tobacco risk in K326 flue-cured tobacco in Yunnan Province, China.docx

Its occurrence and severity are associated with meteorological conditions, field-management practices, and curing-management measures, but their relative roles and spatial patterns remain unclear. This study investigated the spatial distribution and major factors associated with scalding tobacco risk in K326 flue-cured tobacco across the major tobacco-growing regions of Yunnan Province, China.</p>Methods<p>Meteorological data from 80 weather stations were combined with 3,106 field survey records from ten major tobacco-growing regions.

Random Forest (RF), Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP), and occurrence-risk models were used to evaluate severity-related associations and spatial risk patterns.</p>Results<p>Meteorological variables showed limited predictive ability for scalding severity but contributed to spatial variation in occurrence risk. Annual sunshine duration was the most important meteorological predictor in the MaxEnt model, contributing 48.7%, and higher predicted risk was concentrated mainly in parts of central and western Yunnan.