Collective self-trapping of atoms in a cavity

Back-action based effects lead to state selective optical manipulation schemes. We identify a parameter range where the collective back action of the atoms is needed for the trapping, i.e. a single atom would not be trapped under the same laser drive conditions.

The collective self-trapping is demonstrated by the observation of a significant increase of the trapping time as a function of the atom number. The atomic back action on the cavity field gives rise to a simultaneous real-time monitoring of the number of trapped atoms. This is used to show a non-exponential collapse of the atom trap.