Data · collection
Surface Weather Observation 1001 Forms (Keyed)
Listed in NASA Earthdata CMR
In order to fill in the observation gap prior to the time when commercial aviation began in the U.S., The NCDC Climate Data Modernization Program (CDMP) retrieved surface observations taken two to four times daily beginning as early as 1893 at the City Weather Bureau Offices.
Description
Through 1936 observations were taken twice daily; then in 1937 the general practice was to record four observations per day. Since this data overlaps with the pre-1948 hourly dataset DSI-3851 (surface airways observations) (C00623), data for each station were not keyed once their observations overlapped with the DSI-3851 data which generally contains more observations per day.
The data elements are as follows: station pressure, sea level pressure, dry and wet bulb temperature, dew point, maximum and minimum temperature, wind direction and speed, precipitation, cloud amount and type, ceiling, state of weather and visibility. It should be noted that not all elements are present for all stations in this dataset, and that ceiling and visibility observations did not begin at the city offices until the 1930's.
Read the rest (2 more)
Official surface weather observation standards can be found in the Circular N manuals. When hourly observations were not conducted, observational data from stations were keyed. These data can be found in DSI-3850 (C00622).
The complimentary pre-1948 hourly observations dataset is DSI-3851 (surface airways observations) (C00623).
Links
Get the data
- ncei.noaa.gov /contact ↗
Data in this archival information package are not currently available for public download from NCEI. Please contact NCEI Information Services directly for access to these data.
download · from NASA CMR
- data.nodc.noaa.gov /cgi-bin/iso?id=gov.noaa.ncdc%3AC00622 ↗
Dataset landing page with general information and access links for the dataset.
download · from NASA CMR
- www1.ncdc.noaa.gov /pub/data/documentlibrary/tddoc/td3850.pdf ↗
NCDC documentation manual (PDF) for the dataset dated 31 Jan 2006. 19 pages.
download · from NASA CMR
Documentation and papers
- Science paper associated with the dataset. doi.org/10.1175/jam2162.1 ↗
documentation · from NASA CMR
- Science paper associated with the dataset. journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/1520-0426(2004)021%3C1156%3ACQAOHH%3E2.0.CO%3B2 ↗
documentation · from NASA CMR
- data.nodc.noaa.gov /cgi-bin/iso?id=gov.noaa.ncdc%3AC01105 ↗
The original forms from which the digitized data derives are part of the Monthly Surface Weather Observations collection.
documentation · from NASA CMR
- data.nodc.noaa.gov /cgi-bin/iso?id=gov.noaa.ncdc%3AC00623 ↗
Closely related with this collection are raw keyed data found in the Surface Airways Observations (SAO) Hourly Data 1928-1948 (CDMP) (Keyed) data collection.
documentation · from NASA CMR
Catalogue records · 2
- CMR record cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C2107093305-NOAA_NCEI.html ↗
catalogue entry · from NASA CMR
- CMR UMM-JSON cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C2107093305-NOAA_NCEI.umm_json ↗
metadata API · from NASA CMR
Topics
- Stated by source
- Air Temperature · ALTIMETERS · ANEMOMETERS · Anticyclones/Cyclones · Atmospheric Pressure Measurements · BAROMETERS · Cloud Ceiling · Cloud Frequency · Cloud Types · Dew Point Temperature · DRY BULB THERMOMETERS · Hail · HYGROMETERS · Maximum/Minimum Temperature · Not provided · Precipitation Amount · Precipitation Anomalies · Precipitation Rate · Pressure Anomalies · Rain · RAIN GAUGES · Sea Level Pressure · Sleet · Snow · Surface Pressure · Surface Temperature · Surface Winds · Temperature Anomalies · TEMPERATURE LOGGERS · TEMPERATURE SENSORS · Visibility · VISUAL OBSERVATIONS · WEATHER STATIONS · WET BULB THERMOMETERS · WIND VANES
- Inferred from text
- Climate change science 71%
Provenance · 1 source records, 42 field assertions
| Source | Key | Last seen | Raw |
|---|---|---|---|
| NASA Earthdata CMR | C2107093305-NOAA_NCEI | 9 d ago | JSON v1 |
| Field | Assertion | Extractor | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| access_level | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].anzsrc:group:3702 | enrichment · NASA CMR | taxonomy-embedding@1.1.0 | title+keywords+description (71%) |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:altimeters | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:anemometers | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:barometers | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:dry-bulb-thermometers | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:hygrometers | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:rain-gauges | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:temperature-loggers | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:temperature-sensors | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:visual-observations | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:wet-bulb-thermometers | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:wind-vanes | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/air-quality/visibility | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-pressure/anticyclones-cyclones | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-pressure/atmospheric-pressure-measurements | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-pressure/pressure-anomalies | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-pressure/sea-level-pressure | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-pressure/surface-pressure | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-temperature/surface-temperature | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-temperature/surface-temperature/air-temperature | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-temperature/surface-temperature/maximum-minimum-temperature | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-temperature/temperature-anomalies | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-water-vapor/water-vapor-indicators/dew-point-temperature | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-winds/surface-winds | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/clouds/cloud-properties/cloud-ceiling | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/clouds/cloud-properties/cloud-frequency | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/clouds/cloud-types | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/precipitation/liquid-precipitation/rain | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/precipitation/precipitation-amount | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/precipitation/precipitation-anomalies | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/precipitation/precipitation-rate | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/precipitation/solid-precipitation/hail | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/precipitation/solid-precipitation/ice-pellets/sleet | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/precipitation/solid-precipitation/snow | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[platform].gcmd_platform:not-provided | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[platform].gcmd_platform:weather-stations | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| description | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | /umm/Abstract |
| spatial | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | /umm/SpatialExtent |
| temporal | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | /umm/TemporalExtents |
| title | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | /umm/EntryTitle |
| version_label | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 |