Dual-Network Synergistic Reinforcement toward Lightweight and High-Strength Flexible Graphite Bipolar Plates for Robust and Efficient Fuel Cells

This composite achieves a low density of 1.64 g/cm³, while exhibiting a high in-plane electrical conductivity of 393.70 S/cm, an effective through-plane conductivity of 7.538 S/cm, and a high flexural strength of 520.3 MPa at a minimal thickness of ∼0.6 mm. Furthermore, it fulfills critical operational requirements such as creep resistance, corrosion resistance, low surface roughness, and tunable hydrophobicity.

To evaluate its practical energy utilization efficiency, we compared the power of various composite bipolar plates under sustained load conditions. This comparison confirmed the robustness of the prepared composite bipolar plates in withstanding mechanical stresses, revealing their potential in practical fuel cell applications.