UHS for all 101 cities

UHS quantifies the spatial scale and continuity of functionally homogeneous urban clusters. At each location, UHS is defined based on the spatial extent of the corresponding functional cluster, with larger values indicating more spatially continuous and extensive areas of similar urban function.</p><p dir="ltr">The dataset was generated through a framework combining building-function mapping and spatial functional clustering.

Building functions were inferred using an XGBoost model based on urban spatial data, and buildings with similar functions were subsequently grouped according to their spatial relationships to identify functionally homogeneous clusters. UHS was then derived from these clusters to characterize local urban functional structure.</p><p dir="ltr">The dataset supports cross-city analyses of urban spatial structure and can be linked with environmental and urban-form variables for applications including urban climate and heat-related studies.</p><p dir="ltr">If you use this dataset, please cite the associated article:</p><p dir="ltr">Zhang, X. et al. “Toward cooler cities by larger homogeneous functional clusters.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS), accepted for publication (forthcoming).</p>