Saltmarsh responses to using BESE-elements in a restoration trial in temperate Australia

Monitoring occurred every 3 months since deployment unless the plot or site as lost. We also monitored natural recruitment and control areas without intervention across all experiments. The research demonstrates that BESE-Elements can support active saltmarsh revegetation, but results are site-, method- and species-dependent.

Treatments: Bare_b = bare soil, no intervention; Bare_s = directly seeded without BESE-elements; Bare_t = Salicornia quinqueflora plant/soil transplants; BESE_b = BESE-elements only; BESE_s = directly seeded with BESE-elements; BESE_t = BESE-elements with Salicornia quinqueflora plant/soil transplants. Site abbreviation: Altona Coastal Park = ACP.