Aging norms for IADS stimulus set

Order of presentation of the sounds was randomized. The ratings were made on the self-assessment manikin (Lang, 1980) which allows participants to rate each sound on its arousal, valence, and dominance (just as in Bradley & Lang, 2007).

Participants indicate how the sound makes them feel by bubbling in a circle underneath the appropriate face on a gradient (e.g. smiling to frowning), which is then converted to a score out of 9 (higher scores indicate that the sound was more arousing or more pleasant) Bradley, M. M., & Lang, P. J. (2007). The international affective digitized sounds (; IADS-2): Affective ratings of sounds and instruction manual. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, Tech.Rep.B-3.