Carbon emissions and absorption data of 280 prefecture level cities in China from 2003 to 2023

The carbon emission data comes from ODIAC, which is a global fossil fuel carbon dioxide emission dataset achieved by integrating nighttime light data and power plant emission information. The time series is long, with units of tC/(km2 · a)（ db.cger.nies.go.jp/dataset/ODIAC/DL_odiac2024.html ）The spatial resolution is 1 km.The carbon absorption coefficient method is used to calculate the total carbon absorption of various land use types.

The land use data comes from the Chinese 30m land cover dataset published by Professor team of Yang Jie and Professor Huang Xin at Wuhan University in Earth System Science Data (ESSD)（ zenodo.org/records/12779975 ）Using ArcGIS 10.8 software, the land is reclassified into six categories: farmland, forest land, grassland, water area, unused land, and construction land. The area of different land use types in cities at or above the local level is extracted using an area table tool.