DNA barcode shows discordant cases among morphological and molecular species identification in Isbrueckerichthys (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)

This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Almeida, Rafael B. de, Azambuja, Matheus, Nogaroto, Viviane, Oliveira, Claudio, Roxo, Fábio F., Zawadzki, Cláudio H., Vicari, Marcelo R. (2024): DNA barcode shows discordant cases among morphological and molecular species identification in Isbrueckerichthys (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Neotropical Ichthyology 22 (3): e 240040, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-2024-0040, URL: doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2024-0040 Isbrueckerichthys is a genus of armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) with five species in the lowlands from the Ribeira de Iguape basin and in the uplands of the Tibagi River basin.

Despite the validation of the morphological species, molecular data to investigate gene flow and species delimitation have not been completed for all species. For this purpose, we compared sequences of COI region associated with barcoding molecular identification, aiming for a species delimitation analysis and generating population data of I. alipionis, I. epakmos, I. duseni, I. cf. duseni, I. saxicola, and I. calvus. The K2P genetic distance, molecular species delimitation analysis, and well-sustained branches in the phylogenetic tree validate I. alipionis, I. epakmos, and I. duseni, and suggest I. cf. duseni as a valid molecular operational taxonomic unit.