The reanalysis for the Global Ensemble Forecast System, version 12

The reanalysis covers the period 2000-19. It assimilates most of the observations that were assimilated into the operational data assimilation system used for initializing global predictions.

These include a variety of conventional data, infrared and microwave radiances, global positioning system radio occultations, and more. The reanalysis quality is generally superior to that from NOAA's previous-generation Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR), demonstrated in the fit of shortterm forecasts to the observations and in the skill of 5-day deterministic forecasts initialized from CFSR versus GEFSv12. Skills of reforecasts initialized from the new reanalyses are similar but slightly lower than skills initialized from a preoperational version of the real-time data assimilation system conducted at the higher, operational resolution.