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Data · dataset · 2026

Ozone production efficiencies in the three largest United State cities from airborne measurements

Listed in National Center for Atmospheric Research

Despite ongoing reductions in emissions of ozone (O 3 ) precursors, nitrogen oxides (NO x = NO + NO 2 ) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the three largest urban areas in the United States ─ New York City (NYC), Chicago, and Los Angeles (LA) ─ continue to exceed national air quality standards for O 3 .

Description

Airborne measurements during the 2023 Atmospheric Emissions and Reactions Observed from Megacities to Marine Areas (AEROMMA) campaign investigated nonlinear O 3 photochemistry in these cities.

We report mean ozone production efficiency (OPE), the enhancement ratio of O x (= O 3 + NO 2 ) to NO x oxidation products, of 9 ± 4 (1σ), 6 ± 3, and 6 ± 3 ppbv ppbv –1 in NYC, Chicago, and LA, respectively. Compared to historical values, OPE has increased in NYC but remains constant in LA. We find that OPE during AEROMMA has a nonlinear, inverse relationship with total reactive nitrogen (NO y , a proxy for initial NO x ) and a positive correlation with the nonmethane VOC to NO y enhancement ratio.

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A zero-dimensional photochemical model supports these observed OPE dependences on NO x and VOCs and shows that OPE is a distinct metric from total O 3 production that is informative to the development of O 3 pollution control strategies. We find that OPE values have higher variability, and a larger increase with NO x emissions reductions, in areas that experience NO x -sensitive rather than NO x -saturated O 3 photochemistry; nonetheless, NO x reductions under NO x -sensitive conditions still reduce total O 3 production despite the corresponding increase in OPE.

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Atmospheric sciences 70%
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