Monthly radiation data of ground stations in mainland China based on Ångström-Prescott formula ( 2003-2022 )

Obtaining long-term and accurate solar radiation values can provide an important theoretical basis for the application of solar energy industry and water resources allocation. Limited by factors such as operation and maintenance costs, there are few ground radiation observation stations in China that can publicly release data, and the measured data are scarce, which is difficult to meet the application needs of large-scale meteorology, agriculture and solar energy industries.

Based on the correction coefficient of the existing Ångström-Prescott formula, combined with some sunshine hours observation data, this study constructed a monthly solar radiation data set of more than 2000 meteorological stations in mainland China from 2003 to 2022. By comparing with the observed data of the existing radiation stations, the correlation coefficient (R) of the estimated results is 0.806, the root mean square error (RMSE) is 3.653MJ/m2, the mean deviation (MBE) is-2.443 MJ/m2, and the coefficient of determination (R2) reaches 0.777, indicating that the estimated value and the observed value fit well and have strong reliability.