What we have learned from the framework for ocean observing: Evolution of the Global Ocean Observing System

Here we evaluate successes and challenges in FOO implementation and consider ways to ensure broader use of the FOO principles. The proliferation of ocean observing activities around the world is extremely diverse and not managed, or even overseen by, any one entity. The lack of coherent governance has resulted in duplication and varying degrees of clarity, responsibility, coordination and data sharing.

GOOS has had considerable success over the past decade in encouraging voluntary collaboration across much of this broad community, including increased use of the FOO guidelines and partly effective governance, but much remains to be done. Here we outline and discuss several approaches for GOOS to deliver more effective governance to achieve our collective vision of fully meeting society's needs. What would a more effective and well-structured governance arrangement look like?

Can the existing system be modified? Do we need to rebuild it from scratch? We consider the case for evolution versus revolution.

Community-wide consideration of these governance issues will be timely and important before, during and following the OceanObs' 19 meeting in September 2019.