Shear-parallel tropical convective systems: Importance of cold pools and wind shear

Cold pools are weakened by suppressing evaporation in the shallow subcloud layer. Analysis of objectively identified convective systems reveals that the convection with weaker cold pools is more often oriented parallel, rather than perpendicular, to the wind shear.

The cold pool-induced orientation changes are most pronounced in the strong shear environment. Interactions between convective orientation and the tropical atmosphere are assessed. Simulations with shear-parallel convection demonstrate more top-of-atmosphere upwelling longwave radiation and less reflected shortwave radiation due to changes in convective anvils, faster-propagating larger-scale gravity waves, narrower cross-shear moisture distributions, and differences in convective momentum fluxes.