ICF-based Communication Screening Scale (Yelek Çatal et al., 2026)

Known-groups validity demonstrated that the scale significantly differentiated children with and without disorders, except for the attention factor. Strong negative correlations with FOCUS-34-TR confirmed criterion validity. Reliability coefficients ranged from .73 to .93, indicating acceptable to high internal consistency.</p><p dir="ltr"><b>Conclusions: </b>The CSS is a valid and reliable screening tool specifically designed for the early identification of monolingual Turkish-speaking preschool children at risk for communication, speech, and language disorders.

Its parent report format and ICF-based framework support its feasibility in educational and clinical contexts. Future research should examine its integration into national preschool screening programs and its adaptation and validation for bilingual populations and other linguistic contexts.</p><p dir="ltr"><b>Supplemental Material S1.</b> Content validity ratios (CVR) and expert ratings for draft items.</p><p dir="ltr"><b>Supplemental Material S2.</b> Pilot study feedback on draft items.</p><p dir="ltr">Yelek Çatal, E. N., Karahan Tığrak, T., Atalay Kabasakal, K., & Kulak Kayıkcı, M. E. (2026).

Development and validation of an International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health–based Communication Screening Scale for preschool children. <i>Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools</i>. Advance online publication. <a href="doi.org/10.1044/2026_LSHSS-25-00228" target="_blank">doi.org/10.1044/2026_LSHSS-25-00228</a></p>