Replication Data for: Figs 19.4, 19.7, 19.11, GPDs, Poly, Polyandry vs yearlings, 29 June 2026

Note

I have now checked all data TWO TIMES for those females for which I have information on variable = Males that copulated Note well: I have NOT checked data for those females for which I do NOT have information on Males that copulated I DID score a cop if an underground consortship (UC) lasted for >=2 mins. I DID NOT score a cop if UC lasted for <2 mins. See Chapter 15 for more details about UCs.

I now have only ONE DATA POINT for 92 (323) in 2018. Look for duplicates in other files. I do not THINK I have duplicates for 92 (323) in 2018 in other files, but watch for this.

For GPD females for which I observed >=1 sexual partner, everything in this file has now been checked TWO TIMES ON 25-28 July 2021. This file is now ready for analyses. Correction: I have now checked everything in Columns A through M TWO TIMES Data from Columns to the far right HAVE NOT BEEN CHECKED A SECOND TIME.

Most of these data were entered by Judy in fall-winter 2020. OLD File name = GPDs, POLY, RMC and VCC, Judy's file, 29 July 2021 Note on 26 July 2021: I have NOT checked dates for parturition. I HAVE checked for Parturition vs NONparturition--but I have not verified the exact dates.

See also note several lines down. Note on 26 July: Stats for Litter size and Yearlings come from file = GPDs, ARS for all 3 colonies, 05 May 2021

Note

I have checked all data TWO TIMES for those females for which I have information on variable = Males that copulated Note well: I have NOT checked data for those females for which I do NOT have information on Males that copulated I DID score a cop if BD lasted for >=2 mins. I DID NOT score a cop if BD lasted for <2 mins. I now have only ONE DATA POINT for 92 (323) in 2018.

Look for duplicates in other files. I do not THINK I have duplicates for 92 (323) in 2018 in other files, but watch for this. For GPD females for which I observed >=1cop, everything in this file has now been checked TWO TIMES ON 25-28 July 2021.

This file is now ready for analyses. Correction: I have now checked everything in Columns A through M TWO TIMES Data from Columns to the right HAVE NOT BEEN CHECKED A SECOND TIME. Most of these data were entered by Judy in fall-winter 2020.

File name = GPDs, POLY, RMC and VCC, Judy's file, 29 July 2021 PEFO data came from the following file: GPDs, Polyandry, PEFO, 16 April 2019, BACKUP This file has now been checked TWO TIMES by JLH alone--on 17 April 2019? This file created from file = Gunnpoly, which I used for Hoogland 2013 Note that NO DATA for GPD litter size in 1995, when I moved to Bryce Canyon to start research with UPDs Also, NO DATA for yearlings in 1995, because we did not check in 1996 for 1995 babies that survived until the following spring Also, plague attacked PEFO colony of GPDs in 1995 On 16 April 2019, for RR7 (582PF) I change femage from 2 to "No data" In 1994 and 1995, I sometimes used THE SAME EARTAG NUMBERS that I had used in the early years of my GPD research at Petrified Forest National Park.

To prevent confusion, I have added the suffix PF to all duplicate eartag numbers used in 1989, 1990, 1991, or 1992. For my research with GPDs at Petrified Forest National Park from 1989 through 1995, the I did not weigh the marking bag often enough. So, the "weight without bag" sometimes differs by 2-3 grams for THE SAME GPD for certain analyses.

Trying to fix this problem probably would create more errors than it will fix, so I did NOT try to change all the weights by adding or subtracting 2-3 grams for different analyses I learned from this: Later in my research--starting in about 1995-- I weighed the marking bag every two prairie dogs Through case 311, this file includes data from Petrified Forest National Park (PEFO)--no data yet from Valles Caldera National Preserve 05 June 2019.

Yearlings for WA4 (755) changed from 5 to 4. We had only ONE R05 (R85, R86) in 1993. OK to use means that I have considered for possible deletion, because I have have concluded that the data are acceptable Note on 28 Dec 2020: Notice that I only use data for variable = Femage when I know the exact age--i.e., no estimates for original residents or immigrants Note on 29 Dec 2020: For Fem body mass <16 Apr for 1991, I use weights from the cop summary sheets.

These differ systematically by 2-3 grams from almost all weights in Marking Sheets. I do not know why--something to do with variation bag weight, which I did not check often as I did in later years of my research. OLD File name = GPDs, Poly, PEFO only, 24 July 2021 This file has now been checked TWO TIMES.

Most variables have been checked THREE TIMES. I make several changes on 22-23 July 2021 Note on 23 July 2021. For ORIGINAL RESIDENTS and IMMIGRANTS, I started using AGE = 3 in the third year of residence--because so few GPDs live beyond 3 years.

However, for these GPDs, I do NOT assign ages of 1 and 2 for the first two years. This decision is somewhat arbitrary, I realize, but failure to use data from long-lived original residents and long-lived immigrants seems like a more serious problem. I recognize that in some cases I probably assigned ages of 3 to GPDs that might have been 4 or 5.

But this problem must have been small, because so few GPDs live to be 3, 4, or 5. Note on 24 July 2021: This file includes ONLY THOSE FEMALES FOR WHICH WE HAVE INFORMATION ON SEX PARTNERS-- or for which I thought I might have info on cops. Females with information on LITTER SIZE ONLY are not in this file.

On 24 July 2021, I do ONE LAST CHECK for litter size and number of yearlings. Everything OK. For Figs 19.7 and 19.11, the number above each standard error line (SEM) = the number for females for which I had information on (a) the number of sexual partners for each GPD female and (b) the variable under investigation = the number of offspring that survived for >= 9 months after weaning for Fig 19.7 and the percentage of offspring per litter that survived for >= 9 months after weaning Notes above are from earlier EXCEL files Old Filename = GPDs, POLY, all three colonies, 29 July 2021 I created this file by merging the following two files: (a) GPDs, Poly PEFO only, 24 July 2021 [and] (b) GPDs, Poly, RMC and VCC, Judy's file, 29 July 2029 See notes above for details about these files ALL DATA IN THIS FILE HAVE NOW BEEN CHECKED TWO TIMES OVER THE LAST WEEK OR SO (24 July 2021 through 29 July 2021) On 02 July 2022, I delete parturition = 131 for 72 (155) in 2013 I think that litter size for C9 (O018) in 2018 should be 4 instead of 3.

Check microsatellites Note on 21 Nov 2023: NO ENTRY for GPD Fem-162 (0125) 2018. We did not see her cop. These data are from ALL THREE GPD study-colonies: PEFO, RMC, and VCC GPD Redondo Meadow Colony (RMC, studied in 2013 through 2016) was at Valles Caldera National Preserve (VCNP).

GPD Visitor Center Colony (VCC, studied in 2017 and 2018) was also at VCNP. GPD colony at Petrified Forest National Park (PEFO) was studied from 1989 through 1995. Dates shown in this EXCEL file are Julian dates.

Julian date of copulation = 71 = 12 March, for example. Julian date of first emergence of juveniles from natal burrow entrance = 145 = 25 May, for example. Julian date of parturition = 84 = March 25, for example.

These Julian data are for NON-LEAP years. Julian dates for leap years after 28 February differ by 1 day. Femsurv = 0 = female did NOT survive until the next mating season Femsurv = 1 = female DID survive until the next mating season Femage = number of years since emergence from natal nursery-burrow Sex partners = number of different males with whom female copulated during mating season of current year Parturition = 0 = no parturition Parturition = 1 = parturition, but exact date unknown.

Parturition = 127 (for example) = parturition on Julian date = 127 Litter size = number of offspring that emerged from natal nursery-burrow = number of weanlings Yearlings = number of weanlings that survived for >=9 months after first emergence from natal burrow-entrance Female body mass <16 Apr = female's body mass shortly before, during, or shortly after mating season Date fem body mass = Julian date when female was captured and weighed Microsat = microsatellite Mixing = juveniles from different litters began to mix and interact before I could eartag and mark all juveniles from from each litter--so that maternities and littermate sibships were uncertain To calculate the Percentage of offspring per litter that survived for >= 9 months after weaning (yearlings) for Fig 19.11 of Hoogland 2026, I divided yearlings by litter size.

I created this transformation and used it in SYSTAT, but the percentages do not show in this file. These data used for Figs 19.4, 19.7, and 19.11 in Hoogland 2026. This file ready for longterm storage on 01 April 2025.

The P-value for Fig 19.11 for GPDs of Hoogland 2026 is from a linear mixed model (LMM) that included the number of sexual partners, female body mass, and female age as fixed factors, and female identity (unique eartag number) as a random effect. The number above each SEM line indicates the number of GPD females for each level of polyandry. I used a single percentage of survivorship per year for each litter.

This figure excludes GPD females that did not wean a litter. Babies from microsats = babies whose maternity determined from microsatellites = microsats Lac fem = Female was lactation at time of handling No teats = mother did not conceive or lost litter in early gestation TDF = female's teats were tiny, dry, and flat = no pregnancy or abortion early in gestation MDF = female's teats were medium, dry, and flat = female gave birth, but lost litter in mid-lactation LDF = females teats were long, dry, and flat = female gave birth, but lost litter in late lactation File name = Figs 19.4, 19.7, 19.11, GPDs, Polyandry, Polyandry vs yearlings, 29 June 2026