Pollen distribution and stable oxygen isotope record of foraminifera from ODP sites 175-1082 and 175-1083

The marine record is continuous, ranges from 3.5 to 1.7 Ma, and has a millennial resolution between 2.9 and 1.9 Ma. Changes in climate and vegetation correspond to the Matuyama diatom maximum of the Namibian upwelling system and seem to be highly susceptible to latitudinal shifts in the Polar Front Zone of the Southern Ocean.

A northward advance of the polar fronts is connected with an increase in winter rainfall in southwest Africa. Rapid desiccation in Namibia at 2.2 Ma is associated with increasing upwelling and decreasing sea- surface temperatures along the coast.