Phytochemical characterization and bioactivity of <i>Symplocos racemosa</i> bark against psoriatic inflammation: in silico and <i>In vitro</i> insights

Natural products, owing to their multi-target pharmacological potential and favourable safety profiles, are increasingly investigated as alternatives to conventional synthetic agents. In the present study <i>Symplocos racemosa</i> Roxb<i>.

(S. racemosa),</i> traditionally utilised in dermatotherapeutic practices, was systematically evaluated for its antipsoriatic potential. The ethanolic stem bark extract was characterised using LC–MS, which revealed the presence of several bioactive phytoconstituents, with major compounds including Baicalin, <i>N</i>-fructosyl tyrosine, and delphinidin derivatives. Molecular docking demonstrated strong target, with binding affinities of −11.77 kcal/mol (6IQ6), −10.17 kcal/mol (3CQU), and −8.23 kcal/mol (2AZ5).