Table · dataset · 2025
CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs. IX.
Listed in IVOA Registry (Virtual Observatory)
Multiplicity studies greatly benefit from focusing on M dwarfs because they are often paired in a variety of configurations with both stellar and substellar objects, including exoplanets.
Description
We aim to address the observed multiplicity of M dwarfs by conducting a systematic analysis using the latest available astrophotometric data. For every star in a sample of 2214 M dwarfs from the CARMENES catalogue, we investigated the existence of resolved and unresolved physical companions in the literature and in all-sky surveys, especially in the Gaia DR3 data products.
We covered a very wide range of separation, from known spectroscopic binaries in tight arrangements (~0.01au) to remarkably separated ultrawide pairs (~10^5au). We identify 835 M dwarfs in 720 multiple systems, predominantly binaries, and proposing 327 new binary candidates based on Gaia data. If these candidates are finally confirmed, we expect the multiplicity fraction of M dwarfs to be 40.3^+2.1^_-2.0_%.
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Only considering the systems already identified, the multiplicity fraction is reduced to 27.8^+1.9^_-1.8_%, which is in line with most of the values published in the literature. We also identify M-dwarf multiple systems with FGK, white dwarf, ultracool dwarf, and exoplanet companions, and in young stellar kinematic groups, and study physical separations, orbital periods, binding energies, and mass ratios. We argue that, based on reliable astrometric data and spectroscopic investigations from the literature, and even when considering detection biases, the multiplicity fraction of M dwarfs could still be significantly underestimated, encouraging further high-resolution follow-up studies.
Links
Where it is published
- Reference page cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/693/A228 ↗
landing page · from IVOA Registry
Documentation and papers
- ADS 2025A&A...693A.228C ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025A%26A...693A.228C ↗
publication · from IVOA Registry
Catalogue records · 2
- VOResource record dc.g-vo.org/oai.xml?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=ivo_vor&identifier=ivo%3… ↗
metadata API · from IVOA Registry
- Registry record (GAVO) dc.g-vo.org/I/cds.vizier/j/a%2Ba/693/a228 ↗
catalogue entry · from IVOA Registry
Topics
- From keywords
- Astronomy & Astrophysics
- Inferred from text
- Astronomical sciences 72%
Provenance · 1 source records, 8 field assertions
| Source | Key | Last seen | Raw |
|---|---|---|---|
| IVOA Registry (Virtual Observatory) | ivo://cds.vizier/j/a+a/693/a228 | 12 d ago | JSON v1 |
| Field | Assertion | Extractor | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| access_level | source · IVOA Registry | connector:ivoa_registry@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].anzsrc:group:5101 | enrichment · IVOA Registry | taxonomy-embedding@1.1.0 | title+keywords+description (72%) |
| concepts[field].local:field:astronomy | mapping · IVOA Registry | connector:ivoa_registry@1.0.0 | |
| description | source · IVOA Registry | connector:ivoa_registry@1.0.0 | rr.resource.res_description |
| license_text | source · IVOA Registry | connector:ivoa_registry@1.0.0 | |
| publication_date | source · IVOA Registry | connector:ivoa_registry@1.0.0 | |
| title | source · IVOA Registry | connector:ivoa_registry@1.0.0 | rr.resource.res_title |
| updated_date | source · IVOA Registry | connector:ivoa_registry@1.0.0 |