Characteristics of 335 KOI stars

These measures are based on complexity theory and capture the global, system-level trends of each architecture. Our approach considers all planets in a system simultaneously, facilitating both intrasystem and intersystem analysis.

We find that based on these measures, Kepler's high-multiplicity (N>=3) systems can be explained if most systems belong to a single intrinsic population, with a subset of high-multiplicity systems (~20%) hosting additional, undetected planets intermediate in period between the known planets. We confirm prior findings that planets within a system tend to be roughly the same size and approximately coplanar. We find that forward modeling has not yet reproduced the high degree of spacing similarity (in log- period) actually seen in the Kepler data.