Solar radiation over and under sea ice during the Oden_AO2018 campaign (Arctic Ocean 2018: MOCCHA - ACAS - ICE) Central Arctic / North Pole drift station in 2018 on IB ODEN

All radiation measurements have been performed with RAMSES spectral radiometers (TriOS, Rastede, Germany). All data are given in full spectral resolution interpolated to 1.0 nm, and integrated over the entire wavelength range (broadband, total: 320 to 950 nm).

Two sensors were mounted on a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) and one radiometer was installed on the sea ice for surface reference measurements (solar irradiance). On the ROV, one irradiance sensor (cos-collector) for energy budget calculations and one radiance sensor (7° opening angle) to obtain high resolution spatial variability were installed. Along with the radiation measurements, ROV positions were obtained from acoustic LBL (Long BaseLine)-positioning and all parameters of vehicle depth, distance to the ice and attitude recorded.