Study on the relationship between oral contraceptives and bipolar disorder and major depression in women

After adjusting for other confounding factors, past use of oral contraceptives remained a risk factor for bipolar disorder and major depression (OR=1.38, 95% CI 1.29-1.49, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis based on different population characteristics showed that the risk associated with oral contraceptive use was higher in low to middle-income groups.Conclusion This study found a significant association between past oral contraceptive use and the occurrence of bipolar disorder and major depression, suggesting that oral contraceptives are an independent risk factor for these conditions.

Future research should adopt prospective designs to more accurately assess the relationship between oral contraceptive use and mental health, providing more reliable evidence for clinical practice.