Supplementary file 1_Efficacy and safety of neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist on cough suppression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.docx

Main outcomes included the cough visual analog scale (VAS), awake objective cough frequency, urge to cough scale, 24-h cough frequency, and cough-specific patient-reported scale. Adverse events were also pooled.</p>Results<p>Five RCTs comprising a total 719 participants were included, evaluating three NK-1 receptor antagonists: aprepitant, orvepitant, and serlopitant. Compared to placebo, NK-1 receptor antagonists demonstrated significant antitussive efficacy by improving cough VAS scores (mean difference [MD] = −6.90, 95 CI (−10.90, −2.90), p < 0.0001) and cough-specific patient-reported scale (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.50, 95 CI (0.22, 0.78), p < 0.0001).

Notably, the treatment group experienced a significant reduction in the urge to cough scale (SMD: −0.31, 95% CI (−0.40, - group (RR: 1.33, 95% CI (1.15, 1.53), p < 0.0001).No significant difference was detected at the overall effect estimates of objective cough frequency.</p>Conclusion<p>NK-1 receptor antagonists provide modest improvements in patient-reported subjective cough outcomes, but show no statistically significant reduction in objective cough frequency.

Given the small evidence base, clinical heterogeneity among pooled conditions, and higher incidence of mild adverse events, conclusions regarding their clinical benefit must be drawn with caution. Large-scale, high-quality clinical studies are required to confirm their efficacy and safety.</p>