PH Response Oral nanoparticle PHPP-Eud improves intestinal barrier and microbiota balance by activating FoxO4 to alleviate ulcerative colitis

Oral administration is considered the most promising approach for UC therapy, necessitating the development of a safe and effective treatment capable of withstanding the gastrointestinal environment. In this study, a pH-responsive oral nanoparticle, PHPP-Eud, was developed using the emulsion-solvent evaporation and nanoprecipitation methods.

Its therapeutic efficacy was evaluated through in vitro cell models and in vivo studies using DSS-induced UC mice. The results demonstrated that PHPP-Eud exhibited strong resistance to gastric acid, while pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages were inhibited and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages were promoted. Moreover, excellent biological stability and safety were observed in vivo.