LitchiPestDisease: A Multi-Illumination Public Dataset for Visual Detection of Litchi Fruit Borer Infestation and Litchi Anthracnose

Litchi fruit borer (Conopomorpha sinensis) creates tiny boreholes on fruit pericarp, rendering fruits unmarketable; litchi anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) produces necrotic lesions and shortens shelf life. Traditional manual sorting is costly, subjective and low-precision.

Existing public agricultural datasets mostly focus on crop leaf diseases, lack dual-stress (pest + disease) fruit samples, and fail to provide standardized multi-lighting image groups for postharvest sorting scenes. This dataset fills the above research gaps.Data Collection & SamplingSampling location: Core litchi production areas of Maoming City, Guangdong, China.Sampling time: Litchi ripening seasons (May–July) of 2024 and 2025.Litchi cultivars: Pest subset only contains 'Feizixiao'; disease subset covers 'Feizixiao' and 'Baitangying'.Shooting environment: Controlled laboratory fixed uniform lighting, mainstream smartphones for multi-angle fruit photography; all samples transported to lab within 24h after picking.Raw image volume: Total 6,705 original JPG images, including 3,061 pest infestation images and 3,644 anthracnose disease images.Multi-illumination data provision: We directly attach three groups of enhanced multi-illumination images for every original image, including front lighting, side lighting and back lighting variants generated by standardized brightness & contrast adjustment parameters.Front Lighting: Brightness=1.4, Contrast=1Side Lighting: Brightness=1.2, Contrast=1.3Back Lighting: Brightness=0.6, Contrast=1.2 All multi-illumination images are released together with original images and annotations, no extra code execution required for users.