Inflammatory crosstalk between rotator cuff tissues is altered with age and sex

Nevertheless, the initiating factors of joint degeneration remain poorly understood. Research has primarily focused on age-related changes in individual musculoskeletal tissues, with limited investigation into the complex interactions between tissues.

Recent studies on communication between musculoskeletal tissues and other organs have gained attention, but local interactions within the shoulder remain underexplored. This study aims to investigate age- and sex-related differences in bone-tendon-muscle crosstalk, hypothesizing that these interactions vary by age and sex, with older and female tissues exhibiting a reduced secretory phenotype</p> <p>Using novel in vitro monoculture and co-cultures of explanted whole tissues, we assessed inflammatory responses across bone, tendon, and muscle from young and aged male and female C57BL/6J mice.</p> <p>Our results demonstrate significant age- and sex-dependent differences in cytokine secretion, with aged males and females showing altered inflammatory profiles.