SPSS output for the study: Effect of combined physical activity and transcranial direct current stimulation on psychological symptoms and quality of life in older adults

Normality of the data was examined using the Shapiro–Wilk test, and the results showed that all variables met the assumption of normality (p > 0.05). Homogeneity of the groups at the pretest stage was assessed using one‑way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

To analyze the intervention effects and the group × time interaction, a general linear model (GLM) with repeated measures was used. Levene’s test was employed to check the homogeneity of variances. For between‑group comparisons, post‑hoc tests with Bonferroni correction were applied.