Autophagy-Lipid Metabolism-Related Gene Analysis in Diabetic Samples

A significant positive correlation (cor = 0.65, P < 0.05) between MM and GS suggests a strong association of the central hub genes in this module with autophagy-lipid metabolism. Intersection analysis revealed five autophagy-lipid metabolism-related DEGs that were shared between the DEGs and module genes (Table S5). GO enrichment analysis revealed significant enrichment in biological processes (BP), such as embryonic organ development (GO:0048568), regulation of cytokine-mediated signalling (GO:0001959), and hindbrain development (GO:0030902).

Additionally, molecular functions (MF) terms included calcium-dependent protein kinase C activity (GO:0004698), protein ADP-ribosylase activity (GO:1990404), protein kinase C activity (GO:0004697), and transcription corepressor activity (GO:0003714) (Table S6). KEGG pathway analysis revealed predominant enrichment of viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor (has04061), chemokine signaling pathway (has04062), cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction (has04060), human cytomegalovirus infection (has05163), rheumatoid arthritis (has05323), IL-17 signaling pathway (has04657), Chagas disease (has05142), Toll-like receptor signaling pathway (has04620), and TNF signaling pathway (has04668) (Table S7).