International Social Survey Programme: Family and Changing Gender Roles V - ISSP 2022

Attitude towards the employment of women resp. mothers (A working mother can establish just as warm and secure a relationship with her children as a mother who does not work, a pre-school child is likely to suffer if his or her mother works, all in all, family life suffers when the woman has a full-time job, a job is all right, but what most women really want is a home and children, being a housewife is just as fulfilling as working for pay, a man's job is to earn money; a woman's job is to look after the home and family); opinion about how much responsibility women and men should have for the home and family; opinion about how well mothers and fathers are suited to look after their children; preferred extent of employment for women during different stages of child raising (when there is a child under school age, after the youngest child starts school); attitudes towards children in life, marriage, and cohabitation without marriage (Having children interferes too much with the freedom of parents, having children increases people’s social standing in society, people who want children ought to get married, It is all right for a couple to live together without intending to get married); attitudes towards single-parenting and childcare by same sex female and male couples (alternative family forms); opinion about which parent in a family with a five year old child should do the following: provide for the family financially, take care of the child on a daily basis, play with the child, and take part in his/her leisure activities, teach the child how to behave, take time to listen to and advise the child if he/she has problems, try to be a role model for the child; attitude towards paid parental leave for full-time working parents and preferred duration of paid parental leave (in months); preferred division of this paid parental leave period between the mother and the father; best way of organization of family and work life for a family with a child under school age and the least desirable option; who should primarily provide childcare for children under school age (family members, government agencies, non-profit organizations (e.g. charitable organizations, churches/ religious organizations), private childcare providers (e.g. private crèche, nanny, babysitter), employers); who should primarily cover the costs of childcare for children under school age (the family, the government/ public funds, the employers); who should primarily provide support for the elderly who need some help in their everyday lives (family members, government agencies, non-profit organizations (e.g. charitable organizations, churches/ religious organizations), private providers of this kind of help); who should primarily cover the costs of this help to these elderly people (the elderly people themselves or their family, the government/ public funds); time budget (hours a week) of both partners for household work and looking after family members (e.g. children, elderly, ill or disabled family members ); organization of the income that one or both of the partners receive in marriage or partnership; allocation of duties in the household and in family matters (laundry, planning and organizing social and family activities, care for sick family members, shopping for groceries, household cleaning, preparing the meals); estimation of fair share of the household work between the partners; frequency of difficulties caused by family, work, and household duties during the past three months (I have come home from work too tired to do the chores which need to be done, It has been difficult for me to fulfil my family responsibilities because of the amount of time I spent on my job, I have arrived at work too tired to function well because of the household work I had done, I have found it difficult to concentrate at work because of my family responsibilities); definition of close relatives of a person living with a partner and their children (e.g. children and partner only, children and partner but also parents and siblings); opinions about responsibilities towards relatives in different situations (A sibling of one of the couple needs a place to stay for a few months, ask the recently widowed and lonely father of one of the couple to come and live with them permanently, financial help for a grandchildren in need of temporary financial help because the company he/she worked for closed down recently); rely more on close relatives vs. on close friends; close relatives vs. close friends should be the most important people in one’s life; general feeling of happiness in life; opinion about whether women or men are best suited to serve in certain leadership positions (Cabinet minister in the national government, head of a university, senior executive of a large company); assessment of household’s total income (difficult or easy to make ends meet); comparison of the current financial situation of the household with the financial situation 12 months ago.

Optional questions: respondent provides help or care on a daily basis to family member(s) who may or may not be living in the household (child(ren) below school age, child(ren) of school age, up to 18 years, elderly person(s), long term sick/ disabled person(s), other person); parent who was more involved in upbringing when the respondent was a child; acceptance of the parents when the respondent was planning to work for pay; respondent or spouse/ partner has been more involved in the children’s upbringing.