<p>Mapping the drivers through STEEPLE framework.</p>

However, existing studies rarely map the mechanisms through which food system drivers interact, nor sufficiently explore how different stakeholders experience the same food system pressures. This study applies the High Level Panel of Experts framework (HLPE) to explore stakeholders’ perceptions on drivers shaping Nairobi’s urban food system and examines how they interact within the food system.

Using a qualitative methodology, 15 drivers were identified with climate change cutting across many of them. Results highlight how stakeholders’ power, role, and positioning within the city’s food system shape which impacts occur, which drivers are influential, and whose vulnerabilities persist. These dynamics, together with governance structures and resource prioritisation were shown to shape inefficiencies within Nairobi’s food system.