It’s About Valence: Perceived Collective Continuity Predicts Enhanced Cultural Confidence

All data were collected from online experiments with Chinese participants.Study 1: A correlational study examining the relationship between perceived collective continuity and cultural confidence.Key Variables:PCC: Score of perceived collective continuity (continuous variable) CC: Score of cultural confidence (continuous variable)Study 2: Manipulated perceived collective continuity to examine its causal relationship with cultural confidence.Key Variables:Group: 0 = perceived collective discontinuity group, 1 = perceived collective continuity group.pcc: Measured score of perceived collective continuity after manipulation.cc: Measured score of cultural confidence after manipulationStudy 3: Examined the moderating role of valence on the relationship between collective continuity and cultural confidence.Key Variables:Valence: Valence manipulation condition, 0 = negative condition, 1 = positive condition PCC: Collective continuity manipulation condition, 0 = perceived collective discontinuity group, 1 = perceived collective continuity groupThe data from Study 3 were cleaned according to the following criteria, excluding three types of invalid participants:1.

Failed attention check: Participants who did not correctly answer embedded attention-check questions (e.g., “Please select the number representing ‘strongly agree’”), 8 participants excluded.2. Failure to understand or respond to the material: Participants who failed to correctly identify the core theme of the historical story (e.g., judging “filial piety” as “blind filial piety”), 5 participants excluded.3.