A dataset of meteorological observations at Huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem in Hunan (2005–2024)

Long‑term, high‑precision local meteorological observation data are essential for understanding the structure and function of this forest ecosystem and for assessing its response and adaptation to global change. Huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem (Huitong Station) is located in the core distribution area of typical mid‑subtropical evergreen broad‑leaved forest.

Since 2005, the station has conducted long‑term continuous monitoring of multiple meteorological elements using an automatic weather observation system at its meteorological observation field. This dataset compiles 20 years of meteorological observations from 2005 to 2024, including monthly statistical data for 14 key meteorological variables: air temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, precipitation, 10‑minute average wind speed, surface temperature, soil temperature at depths of 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, 60 and 100 cm, and solar radiation.