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Table · dataset · 2023

PINES. II. Observations used for 131 light curves

Listed in IVOA Registry (Virtual Observatory)

We describe a new transit-detection algorithm designed to detect single- transit events in discontinuous Perkins INfrared Exosatellite Survey (PINES) observations of L and T-dwarfs.

Description

We use this algorithm to search for transits in 131 PINES light curves and identify two transit candidates: 2MASSJ18212815+1414010 (2MASSJ1821+1414) and 2MASSJ08350622+1953050 (2MASSJ0835+1953). We disfavor 2MASSJ1821+1414 as a genuine transit candidate due to the known variability properties of the source.

We cannot rule out the planetary nature of 2MASSJ0835+1953's candidate event and perform follow-up observations in an attempt to recover a second transit. A repeat event has yet to be observed, but these observations suggest that target variability is an unlikely cause of the candidate transit. We perform a Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation of the light curve and estimate a planet radius ranging from 4.2_-1.6_^+3.5^R{Earth} to 5.8_-2.1_^+4.8^R{Earth}, depending on the host's age.

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Finally, we perform an injection and recovery simulation on our light-curve sample. We inject planets into our data using measured M-dwarf planet occurrence rates and attempt to recover them using our transit-search algorithm. Our detection rates suggest that, assuming M-dwarf planet occurrence rates, we should have roughly a 1% chance of detecting a candidate that could cause the transit depth we observe for 2MASSJ0835+1953.

If 2MASSJ0835+1953b is confirmed, it would suggest an enhancement in the occurrence of short-period planets around L and T-dwarfs in comparison to M-dwarfs, which would challenge predictions from planet formation models.

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Catalogue records · 2

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Infrared
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Astronomical sciences 74% · Simulation 75%
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