Long-term Nitrogen Fertilization Experiment at Changwu Station: 2013–2021 Dataset of Top Soil N₂O Emission Flux and Soil O₂ Concentration

Long-term continuous monitoring of N₂O emission fluxes and soil O₂ concentrations induced by nitrogen fertilization in farmlands at Changwu Agro-Ecological Experiment Station helps reveal the profound impacts of nitrogen fertilizer on ecosystem material cycling, and provides basic data support for studying the effects of nitrogen management regimes on farmlands. Located in the dry rain-fed agricultural zone of the tableland-gully region in the south-central Loess Plateau, Changwu Agro-Ecological Experiment Station serves as a representative platform for research on nitrogen cycling in rain-fed farmlands across the Loess Plateau.

This dataset originates from a long-term nitrogen fertilizer management experiment initiated in 2010, which includes five treatments: no nitrogen application (CK), conventional nitrogen application (CON), optimized reduced nitrogen application (OPT), optimized nitrogen application combined with nitrification inhibitor (OPT + DCD), and sole slow-release nitrogen fertilizer application (OPT + SR). The dataset mainly contains monitoring data of farmland N₂O emission fluxes and O₂ concentrations at the 10 cm soil layer for the five treatments, covering the period from 2013 to 2021.