Radar observation of precipitation asymmetries in tropical cyclones making landfall on East China Coast

In the inner-core region, the heavy rainfall with reflectivity factor above 40 dBZ tends to locate at the downshear side before landfall. Four cases have precipitation maxima on the downshear left side, in agreement with previous studies. As TCs approaching land (~ 2 hr before landfall), their precipitation maxima generally shift to the front quadrant of the motion partly due to the interaction of TC with the land surface.

In the outer-core region, the precipitation maxima occur in the front quadrant of the motion in five of the six cases before landfall. After landfall, the precipitation maxima shift from the right-front quadrant clockwisely to the right-rear quadrant of the motion collocated well with the mountainous areas along the coast, which indicates the impact of topography forcing on the precipitation distribution. This study illustrated how the precipitation asymmetry in the inner- and outer-core at different stages of TC landfall is affected by storm motion, vertical wind shear and topography.