Table 1_Clinical characteristics of pulmonary nocardiosis in patients with and without bronchiectasis: a single-center retrospective comparative study.docx

Background<p>Bronchiectasis is a common structural lung disease associated with pulmonary nocardiosis (PN), but the differences between PN patients with and without bronchiectasis remain insufficiently characterized.</p>Methods<p>We conducted a single-center retrospective study of hospitalized patients with PN at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from January 2012 to December 2024. Patients were grouped by bronchiectasis status, and their clinical, radiological, and microbiological features were compared.

Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with bronchiectasis.</p>Results<p>Among 154 patients, 86 (55.8%) had bronchiectasis. Of 162 Nocardia isolates, N. cyriacigeorgica, N. farcinica, and N. abscessus were the most commonly identified species. Patients with bronchiectasis more frequently had hemoptysis (40.7% vs. 13.2%, P<0.001) and tree-in-bud signs (11.6% vs. 2.9%, P=0.046), but less frequently had respiratory failure (10.5% vs. 26.5%, P=0.022) and had shorter hospital stays (12.62 ± 9.01 vs. 16.96 ± 10.84 days, P=0.007).