Molecular composition of dissolved organic matter and porewater chemistry from a field-based mescosm study

However, how the diversity and composition of these two communities are inter-linked remains poorly characterised in freshwaters, despite the potential for chemical and microbial diversity to promote one another. Here we exploited gradients in chemodiversity within a common microbial pool to test how chemical and biological diversity covary and characterized the implications for ecosystem functioning.

We found that both chemodiversity and genes associated with organic matter decomposition increased as more plant litterfall accumulated in experimental lake sediments, consistent with scenarios of future environmental change. Chemical and microbial diversity were also positively correlated, with dissolved organic matter having stronger effects on microbes than vice versa. Under our experimental scenarios that increased sediment organic matter from 5 to 25% or darkened overlying waters by 2.5-times, the resulting increases in chemodiversity could increase greenhouse gas concentrations in lake sediments by an average of 1.5- to 2.7-times, when all the other effects of litterfall and water color were considered.