Transcriptomic Characterization of CDK4/hTERT Immortalized Ovine Satellite Cells

CDK4/hTERT immortalized ovine satellite cells were established from primary lamb latissimus dorsi muscle and comprehensively characterized using RNA-seq across three populations: primary lamb satellite cells (PLM), early-passage immortalized cells (EPILM, passage 5), and late-passage immortalized cells (LPILM, passage 30). Differential gene expression and functional enrichment analyses were performed to assess immortalization-driven molecular reprogramming, myogenic competence, safety, and suitability for cultivated meat applications.