Table 4_Melatonin is associated with cell-type-specific inflammatory and oxidative stress responses at the maternal-fetal interface.xlsx

This study investigated how melatonin influences inflammatory and oxidative stress responses, cytokine secretion, NRF2-associated antioxidant responses, and transcriptomic responses in JEG-3 trophoblast-like cells and primary decidual macrophages exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Melatonin reduced LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine production and intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation, with pretreatment producing the strongest anti-inflammatory effects. Although NLRP3 transcript expression differed according to treatment sequence, melatonin was associated with reduced inflammatory cytokine secretion despite limited changes in total NLRP3 protein expression. Melatonin also differentially influenced antioxidant responses across placental cell types, with decidual macrophages exhibiting broader functional and transcriptional changes than JEG-3 trophoblast-like cells.