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Participants completed the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) and an oddball task whereby they had to detect infrequent targets presented among frequent non-targets. Twenty-two participants (11 females) with a low level of aerobic fitness were allocated to the low-fit group and twenty-two (11 females) participants with a high level of aerobic fitness were allocated to the high-fit group.

The participants in the high and low-fit group met the inclusion criteria of reporting at least 8 hours of training per week or less than 2 hours, respectively. Participants completed, in this order, the PVT (5 minutes), a visual oddball task (27 minutes) and the PVT (5 minutes). The tasks are detailed in the following section.