Dataset of Sr Resin Elution Behaviors, LSC Quench Corrections, and Sample Comparative Measurements for Po-210 Determination in Lead-Bismuth Eutectic

In the detection and optimization stage, a PerkinElmer Quantulus 1220™ ultra-low-background liquid scintillation spectrometer equipped with WinQ™ and EasyView™ analysis software was used. Measurements were performed with a 210Pb/210Bi/210Po equilibrium standard source (88.22 Bq/g) and a pure source. Pulse shape analysis (PSA) was used to systematically test the α/β cross-contamination rate over a threshold range of 20–200.

At the same time, the quenching effects of HNO3 and HCl media at a gradient of 0–6.0 mol/L on the liquid scintillation external standard spectrum parameter SQP(E) were investigated. Finally, using the measurement results from a Canberra Alpha Analyst 7200 low-background semiconductor α spectrometer as the benchmark (source preparation used the ϕ23 mm high-purity silver disk water-bath autodeposition method with a deposition time ≥3 h), parallel measurement comparison was conducted on commercially available bismuth powder samples, and a combined standard uncertainty propagation model was established.The experiments for this dataset were completed between 2024 and 2026 at the Anhui Radiation Environmental Supervision Station and the Laboratory of the Institute of Nuclear Energy Safety Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

The dataset contains 4 core data table files and 3 sets of spectrum raw/plotting files, all stored in the universal cross-platform .csv and .xlsx formats. Among them, Table 1 is “Literature Parameter Comparison for Extraction Chromatographic Separation of Lead-Bismuth-Polonium Systems” and contains 8 valid records, documenting information such as different chromatographic resins, sample matrices, elution media, and 210Po separation efficiency; Table 2 is “Pb/Bi Residual Concentration Data in Elution Fractions of LBE Simulant” and contains 11 records, with row labels being sample elution tube numbers (tubes 1–11) and column labels including acid system type (6 mol/L HCl and 0.1 mol/L HNO3), lead concentration (mg/mL), and bismuth concentration (mg/mL); Table 3 is “210Po Activity Measurement and

Method

Comparison Results in Bismuth Powder Samples” and has 3 records, including sample number, α-spectrometry detected activity (Bq/g), LSC detected activity (Bq/g), absolute relative deviation (%), and normalized deviation; Table 4 is “Summary of Main Uncertainty Components for EC-LSC Analysis Activity Measurement” and has 7 records, listing 7 main uncertainty sources, such as equilibrium standard solution activity, counting statistics, and PSA misclassification rate, together with their corresponding standard uncertainties.

In addition, spectrum data files containing spectral channel addresses (channels 1–1024) and count information (including the standard-source LSC spectrum in Figure 6, the acid-concentration quenching spectrum in Figure 7, and the bismuth powder comparison spectrum in Figure 8) can be directly opened and parsed using Origin, Excel, or any text editor.In this dataset, some ICP-OES measurement records mark lead or bismuth concentrations as <0.01 mg/mL.

These are physically genuine missing values because the heavy metal ion concentrations are below the instrument detection limit, not omissions in manual recording, and they indicate that this elution step achieved thorough purification from the macro matrix. Regarding data error and uncertainty, radioactivity measurements are mainly affected by statistical fluctuations in radioactive decay, standard source value-assignment errors, α/β pulse misclassification rate (at the optimal PSA=60, the bidirectional cross-misjudgment rate was effectively controlled at about 2%), and resin recovery fluctuations; sample activity data are expressed as “measured value ± expanded uncertainty” (coverage factor k=2, 95% confidence interval).

After systematic evaluation, the combined relative standard uncertainty uc of the method is 4.15%, and the expanded uncertainty U is 8.30% (k=2). The absolute relative deviations of the bismuth powder sample determination results from the traditional α-spectrometry method are 5.41%–9.26%, and the normalized deviations of all samples are less than 1.0, proving that the measured values in the dataset are statistically highly self-consistent and reliably reproducible.