Clinical characteristics of Chikungunya Fever and the Influence of Basic Diseases on the Dynamics of Virus Clearance

Laboratory parameters were compared between patients with and without underlying diseases.Results Among the 120 patients, the incidences of fever, arthralgia, and rash were 90.8%, 92.5%, and 68.3%, respectively, and 59.6% presented with the typical triad. Joint involvement mainly affected the wrist, ankle, and knee, with polyarticular involvement being common. Overall symptom patterns were similar across age groups, although the incidence of rash differed significantly (P < 0.01).

Viral load gradually declined with disease progression, and CT values were positively correlated with time since onset. Age was independently associated with baseline CT values; older patients had higher initial viral loads, while the rate of viral decline was comparable across age groups. Patients with underlying diseases showed significantly lower platelet counts and higher levels of red cell distribution width, liver function markers (γ-glutamyl transferase and alanine aminotransferase), inflammatory and coagulation markers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, D-dimer, and fibrin degradation products), and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (all P < 0.05).

Abnormal laboratory findings were mainly observed in patients with hepatic or renal diseases, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases.Conclusion Chikungunya fever is characterized primarily by fever, arthralgia, and rash, with viral load decreasing over time. Older patients tend to have higher initial viral loads, whereas underlying diseases are closely associated with amplified inflammatory responses and organ injury–related abnormalities.

Risk stratification based on host background factors may help optimize clinical monitoring and management strategies.