Development of nanoparticle-loaded microneedles for protein and hydrophobic molecules delivery to the posterior segment of the eye

As micron-scale devices, microneedles (MNs) are minimally invasive and can bypass physical barriers of the eye by generating aqueous channels, thereby achieving improved therapeutic efficacy. This thesis explores the development of dissolving MNs-based drug delivery system to promote transscleral delivery of proteins (anti-VEGF agents) and hydrophobic molecules (anti-inflammatory agents). Protein molecules and hydrophobic molecules were formulated into nanoparticles (NPs) and nanosuspensions (NS), respectively, to sustain the release of proteins and facilitate the incorporation of hydrophobic molecules into the polymeric matrix, thereby forming the hybrid system of dissolving MNs and NPs/NS.

It was revealed that the optimised NPs/NS-loaded MNs are strong and sharp enough to penetrate the sclera and provide rapid dissolution after insertion without causing irritation. This thesis provides considerable evidence to support the use of dissolving MNs as minimally invasive and therapeutic effective intraocular delivery platforms for retinal disease therapy.<br>