Population Density Dataset of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau during the Yuan Dynasty

The data were processed in ArcGIS 10.8 using elevation, slope, rivers, settlements, and postal stations as influencing factors, together with land-use and river constraints. A total population of 1,141,500 was allocated in proportion to the suitability of valid grid cells.

The dataset contains approximately 2,670,671 grid records, including grid IDs, suitability values, population counts, and population density. Zero values within the valid study area indicate grids without allocated population rather than missing data. The dataset, totaling approximately 661 MB, includes a population-grid Shapefile and a population density map and can be opened in ArcGIS or QGIS.