Study on the Innovation Promotion Effects of Government Subsidies for Corporate Postdoctoral Programs: Appendix

Due to space constraints in the main text, all figures and tables not included in the manuscript are presented in this file. These specifically include: univariate analysis, Pearson and Spearman correlation matrices, balance test results for Propensity Score Matching (PSM) and entropy balancing samples, placebo test plots, as well as various robustness checks and endogeneity treatments (such as supplementary tables for controlling employee educational structure, Poisson regression, negative binomial regression, and the instrumental variable approach).Furthermore, the study calculates the total citation counts for invention patents—applied for in the following year and eventually granted—within five-year and seven-year observation windows starting from their citable date.

The results demonstrate that companies receiving the special subsidies also exhibit a significant increase in total patent citations across these different window periods. Through this appendix, readers can gain a more comprehensive and detailed understanding of the empirical procedures and the research conclusions of the paper.